By: Sujala Pant, Deputy Resident Representative UNDP Indonesia

Indonesia feels as if it is a microcosm of the world’s biodiversity – from lush forests to immense mangroves, and a vast ocean with all its marine biodiversity – you can all find it all here.

Among this natural richness, the country is on an ambitious path to address the significant impacts of climate change, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and protect the incredible natural heritage that makes up this archipelagic country of over 17,000 islands.
The numbers tell a sobering story. According to Indonesia’s Third Biennial Update Report submitted to the UNFCCC, a staggering 1.845 Gigaton of CO2 equivalent of national GHG emissions was recorded in 2019. These emissions were driven in large part by land use, Land-Use Change and Forestry including peat fires (55.84%), energy (34.49%), waste (6.52%), and Industrial Processes and Product Use (3.15%).

These challenges are not unrecognised nor are they brushed aside. Indonesia knows that as it takes on an increasingly larger role as a key regional and global player, it is imperative to address and reduce its carbon footprint. This needs to happen while maintaining the necessary development trajectory to swiftly move out of the middle-income trap in a way that benefits communities across their diversities.

A large part of these efforts is taking place through its valuable partnership and collaboration with the Global Environment Facility, which brings together technical support, and international expertise, and leverages financial resources. This alliance between the GOI and the GEF has enabled Indonesia to embark on innovative initiatives that not only reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but also promote a more equitable, greener, and resilient future for its people. Ensuring that there are concrete dividends for the communities at stake remains a central part of the strategy. Throughout this journey, UNDP Indonesia has been a key partner.

Navigating the impacts of climate change:

Escalating sea levels, extreme climate events and prolonged droughts have made life increasingly more difficult for vulnerable coastal communities. The concerted actions that have been taken through catalytic GEF-funded projects have not only addressed the immediate needs of the affected communities, but they have been central to developing solutions to increase resilience. Likewise, as the role of a blue and marine economy takes center stage in the upcoming long-term development plan, concerted efforts have been taken to champion sustainable fisheries, promote marine conservation and coastal tourism, and harness the potential of the oceans while safeguarding the rich and invaluable marine ecosystems.

For example, in Nusa Lembongan, Bali Province, people had moved away from their tradition of seaweed farming. But with the support of the Small Grants Programme individuals like Ni Wayan Uri and other members of Segara Raksa Seaweed Group are reviving this, providing a livelihood for the community, while securing the rich marine biodiversity.

Harnessing the potential of renewable energy

One of the key challenges in Indonesia's sustainable development journey has been the transition from fossil fuel-based energy sources to clean and renewable alternatives.
GEF-funded projects have facilitated the adoption of renewable energy technologies, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, promoting their integration into the national energy grid and thus making significant strides towards a greener and more sustainable energy landscape.

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Addressing energy poverty and social inequalities in access remains an overarching purpose of our mission. The 'Last Mile Energy' initiative exemplifies our dedication to bridging the gap between centralized energy systems and remote communities. By deploying decentralized and off-grid renewable energy solutions, we strive to deliver energy services to the most underserved areas.

For Nilis, a young female entrepreneur from Renah Kasah village in Jambi on the island of Sumatra, the access to electricity provided by the Micro Hydropower plant in her village has enabled her to pursue her dream of becoming a seamstress. While she manages multiple responsibilities during the day, Nilis is able to provide an additional source of income by embarking on her new journey as a seamstress in the evenings, a situation that was not possible before.

Preserving Indonesia’s Biodiversity

Indonesia’s landscape teems with biodiversity – it is a treasure trove of stunning ecosystems and wildlife and is considered a biodiversity jewel.

However, unsustainable human activities, such as deforestation, illegal logging, and poaching, have posed serious threats to the country's natural heritage. The GEF, in partnership with the Indonesian government and local organizations, has contributed significantly to the protection of endangered species and the preservation of crucial ecosystems, such as rainforests and coral reefs.

At the heart of these endeavors lies the sustainable management of biological resources and responsible use of forest resources. For instance, the initiatives promote sustainable farming practices, enhancing agricultural productivity, and supporting small-scale farmers.

This comprehensive approach not only achieves food security and reduces rural poverty but also protects ecosystems and fosters climate-resilient agricultural practices.
Through the GEF Small Grants Programme, the local community in the farming area of Boalemo, Gorontalo Province in North Sulawesi got together to address the water shortage they were facing. Women like Waikem, her family, and other farmers in the village joined hands to create a clean water network that could be distributed to other residents.

Collaborating for a Future We Want

Our achievements in policy and advocacy levels have been possible due to the strong partnerships we have forged with organizations like GEF as well as many different parts of the Indonesian government, CSOs, and development partners.

In our pursuit of long-lasting impact to address and reverse the impacts of climate change, we recognize that efforts cannot be limited to a sole partner or a limited set of initiatives. A systemic, transformational strategy that brings together diverse fragments to craft sustainable outcomes while enriching the lives of communities is essential.

The narrative no longer revolves around a dichotomy between environmental preservation, economic prosperity, and people. Developing solutions in tandem is now the only viable option.

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